Trajectories of pure and co-occurring internalizing and externalizing problems from age 2 to age 12
2010 — Developmental trajectories of internalizing and externalizing problems
Research question
How do pure and co-occurring internalizing and externalizing problems develop from ages 2 to 12, and what early factors distinguish trajectories?
Finding
The study used latent-class growth analysis to identify differential trajectories and examined early-childhood temperament, cognition, maternal depression, home environment, and later social/behavioral adjustment in relation to those trajectories.
Why it matters
This is a strong anchor for the atlas because it makes developmental heterogeneity and person-oriented longitudinal modeling explicit before the later neuroscience work.
Inference boundary
Trajectory classes and predictors do not by themselves identify causal mechanisms.
